Studies on Some C-Reactive Protein, Complement 3, Complement 4 and Interleukin 6 in Hiv-Malaria Co-Infected Subjects Attending General Hospital Awo-Omamma.

Abstract

Malaria and HIV infection are two of the major public health issues in sub-Saharan Africa. High rates of morbidity and mortality are associated with both.In Awo-Omamma, Imo state, the study compared the levels of certain inflammatory mediators and immunoglobulins in HIV patients with co-infection with malaria and those who did not have malaria. 102 (34%) of the 300 volunteers that were enlisted for the study were men, and 198 (66%) were women.Of the patients in this study, one hundred (33.3%) had co-infections with malaria and HIV. The study's findings demonstrated a substantial variation in CD4 counts between the groups under investigation. (P=0.001, F=22.5). When compared to the average of HIV mono-infected individuals (488±100.5 cells/mm3) and control participants (909±102 cells/mm3), the mean CD4+ of HIV-malaria co-infected subjects (384.7±101.5 cells/mm3) was significantly lower. correspondingly

(P=0.0001, P=0.0001). When compared to the means of HIV mono-infected individuals (37.6±9.8 mg/dl) and control subjects (5.6±2.9 mg/dl), respectively, the mean ± SD value of C-reactive protein (CRP) in HIV-malaria co-infected participants (56±21.3 mg/dl) was substantially greater (P=0.0001, P=0.0001). HIV-malaria co-infected individuals had a statistically higher mean value of C3 (203.6±105 mg/dl) than HIV mono-infected individuals (152.3±90.5 mg/dl) and the control group (104.7±56.9 mg/dl), respectively (P=0.05, 0.04). In a similar vein, the mean IL-6 of individuals co-infected with HIV and malaria (54.4±19.6 mg/dl) was considerably greater than the averages of individuals infected with HIV alone (38.3±14.9 mg/dl) and control subjects (5.8±1.8 mg/dl) (P=0.0001, P˂0.001). Additionally, it was noted that whereas CRP and IL-6 were higher in HIV mono-infected individuals than in control participants, there was no discernible difference between the two groups' C3 and C4. In summary, adult HIV/malaria co-infection heightens humoral and inflammatory responses, particularly for C-reactive protein (CRP), complement 3 (C3), and interleukin-6 (IL-6). Furthermore, ART demonstrated a drop in IL-6 and CRP levels.