Service Optimization Strategies for Cross-Border E-Commerce Platforms Under the E-Commerce Politeness Framework: A Critical Incident Analysis Based on User Reviews
Abstract:
Cross-border e-commerce has become a core growth driver of global trade, with industry competition shifting from price wars to consumer experience-centered value competition. After the core of competition in cross-border e-commerce shifted from price to consumer experience, constructing an integrated analytical framework to systematically optimize experience has become crucial, while existing studies have rarely examined the relationship between e-commerce politeness and consumer experience. To address this, this study proposes a comprehensive analytical framework of “e-commerce politeness,” aiming to explore the synergistic effects of multidimensional factors on consumer experience. This study adopts the Critical Incident Technique (CIT) for qualitative analysis of 350 Amazon sports and outdoor product reviews, supplemented by expert classification and reliability-validity control to ensure research rigor. Through this study, this study identifies six core dimensions affecting consumer experience, including usage experience, product quality, logistics service, after-sales service, scenario experience, and value-added service. The results show that positive experience is mainly driven by usage experience and product quality, while negative experience is primarily attributed to quality issues; logistics and after-sales service focus more on risk avoidance than on experience enhancement. This study demonstrates that e-commerce politeness is a multidimensional synergistic system, which can mitigate the uncertainty of cross-border shopping by reducing decision-making costs, enhancing transaction reliability, and optimizing contextual adaptability. Through the above research, This study extends interpersonal politeness theory to human-computer interaction, provides empirical support for 'platform as a social actor', and offers practical optimization directions for cross-border e-commerce stakeholders.
KeyWords:
Cross-Border E-Commerce, E-Commerce Politeness, Platform Service Optimization, Critical Incident Technique (CIT), User Experience, Sports and Outdoor Products
References:
- Denk Rimakka, A. I., & Aras, R. A. (2023). User Segmentation Based on Purchasing Habits andPreferences on the Amazon Platform Using K-Means Clustering. Inspiration: Jurnal Teknologi Informasi Dan Komunikasi, 13(2), 103-109. https://doi.org/10.35585/inspir.v13i2.63
- Andersson, B.-E., & Nilsson, S.-G. (1964). Studies in the reliability and validity of the critical incident technique. Journal of Applied Psychology, 48(6), 398-403. https://doi.org/10.1037/h0042025
- Bitner, M. J., Booms, B. H., & Tetreault, M. S. (1990). The Service Encounter: Diagnosing Favorable and Unfavorable Incidents. Journal of Marketing, 54(1), 71-84. https://doi.org/10.1177/002224299005400105
- Blut, M. (2016). E-Service Quality: Development of a Hierarchical Model. Journal of Retailing, 92(4), 500-517. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jretai.2016.09.002
- Brown, P., & Levinson, S. (1987). Politeness: Some universals in language usage.Cambridge University Press.
- Bukola A. Odulaja, Timothy Tolulope Oke, Tobechukwu Eleogu, Adekunle Abiola Abdul, & Henry Onyeka Daraojimba. (2023). Resilience in the face of uncertainty: a review on the impact of supply chain volatility amid ongoing geopolitical disruptions. International Journal of Applied Research in Social Sciences, 5(10), 463-486. https://doi.org/10.51594/ijarss.v5i10.634
- Calista, A., & Kuntjara, E. H. (2023). Politeness in addressing and requesting used by the salespersons to the customers at UMC E-commerce. K@ta Kita, 11(3), 398-406. https://doi.org/10.9744/katakita.11.3.398-406
- Chen, I.-C., & Huang, J. (2025). Research on the Service Quality of E-commerce Platforms-From the Perspective of Politeness Framework. International Journal of Multidisciplinary Research and Growth Evaluation, 6(1), 286-291. https://doi.org/10.54660/.ijmrge.2025.6.1.286-291
- De Keyser, A., Verleye, K., Lemon, K. N., Keiningham, T. L., & Klaus, P. (2020). Moving the Customer Experience Field Forward: Introducing the Touchpoints, Context, Qualities (TCQ) Nomenclature. Journal of Service Research, 23(4), 433-455. https://doi.org/10.1177/1094670520928390
- Fei, L.-G., Liu, X., Jin, Y.-C., & Su, M. (2025). Reconstruction of Logistics Service in Cross-Border E-Commerce and Consumer Continuance Intention on Platforms: The Mediating Roleof Digital Logistics Service. Journal of Theoretical and Applied Electronic Commerce Research, 20(3), 251. https://doi.org/10.3390/jtaer20030251
- Flanagan, J. C. (1954). The critical incident technique. Psychological Bulletin, 51(4), 327-358. https://doi.org/10.1037/h0061470
- Gao, D., Tian, X., Sun, M., & He, K. (2022). A Study on the Correlation between English Translation and Rural E-commerce under the Background of Cross-border E-commerce. Frontiers in Business, Economics and Management, 5(3), 259-263. https://doi.org/10.54097/fbem.v5i3.2032
- Gremler, D. D. (2004). The Critical Incident Technique in Service Research. Journal of Service Research, 7(1), 65-89. https://doi.org/10.1177/1094670504266138
- Hassenzahl, M., & Tractinsky, N. (2006). User Experience - A Research Agenda. Behaviour & Information Technology, 25(2), 91-97. https://doi.org/10.1080/01449290500330331
- Haynes, S. N., Richard, D. C. S., & Kubany, E. S. (1995). Content validity in psychological assessment: A functional approach to concepts and methods. Psychological Assessment, 7(3), 238-247.https://doi.org/10.1037/1040-3590.7.3.238
- Hollebeek, L. D., Sprott, D. E., & Brady, M. K. (2021). Rise of the Machines? Customer Engagement in Automated Service Interactions. Journal of Service Research, 24(1), 3-8. https://doi.org/10.1177/1094670520975110
- Holsti, O. R. (1969). Content analysis for the social sciences and humanities. Addison-Wesley.
- Kiliç, A., & Karatepe, Ç. (2021). Electronic Complaints: An Empirical Study of Negative Reviewsfrom Amazon.com Users. Advances in Language and Literary Studies, 12(5), 42. https://doi.org/10.7575/aiac.alls.v.12n.5.p.42
- Kotelevets, O. (2025). Perceived Factors of Online Shopping, Purchase Intention, And Online Purchasing Behavior of International Students Studying in China: The Moderating Effect of Cultural Differences.International Journal of Finance and Investment, 2(3), 48-52. https://doi.org/10.54097/znxjmf83
- Löffler, S., & Baier, D. (2013). Using Critical Incidents to Validate the Direct Measurement of Attribute Importance and Performance When Analyzing Service. Journal of Service Science and Management, 6(05), 1-11. https://doi.org/10.4236/jssm.2013.65a001
- Lynn, M. R. (1986). Determination and Quantification of Content Validity. Nursing Research, 35(6), 382-386. https://doi.org/10.1097/00006199-198611000-00017
- Nass, C., & Moon, Y. (2000). Machines and Mindlessness: Social Responses to Computers. Journal of Social Issues, 56(1), 81-103. https://doi.org/10.1111/0022-4537.00153
- Xia, H., Glueck, M., Annett, M., Wang, M., & Wigdor, D. (2022). Iteratively Designing Gesture Vocabularies: A Survey and Analysis of Best Practices in the HCI Literature. ACM Transactions on Computer-Human Interaction, 29(4), 1-54. https://doi.org/10.1145/3503537
- Yoo, S., Lee, D.-J., & Atamja, L. (2023). Influence of Online Information Quality and Website Design on User Shopping Loyalty in the Context of E-Commerce Shopping Malls in Korea. Sustainability, 15(4), 3560. https://doi.org/10.3390/su15043560
- Younus, M., Nurmandi, A., Suswanta, & Shah, I. (2023). Government Guidelines to Transform the OnlineShopping Experience for Customers. West Science Interdisciplinary Studies, 1(03), 1-7. https://doi.org/10.58812/wsis.v1i03.49
- Yu Ding, Yihua Huang, & Mei Zhang. (2025). Analysis of the Characteristics of Cross-cultural Communication in Cross-border E-commerce Live Streaming Texts: A Case Study Based on Amazon and Alibaba International Station. Integration of Industry and Education Journal, 4(2), 22-28. https://doi.org/10.6914/iiej.040204
- Zou, Y., Zhao, C., Childs, P., Luh, D., & Tang, X. (2025). User Experience Design for Online Sports Shoe Retail Platforms: An Empirical Analysis Based on Consumer Needs. Behavioral Sciences, 15(3), 311. https://doi.org/10.3390/bs15030311
- Nevo, B. (1985). Face Validity Revisited. Journal of Educational Measurement, 22(4), 287-293.
https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1745-3984.1985.tb01065.x - Olatunbosun Onaopemipo Olalekan, Deborah Oluwadamilola Adeleye, & Vivek Kumar Srivastava. (2024). The surge of cross-border payment firms in Africa: Implications for entrepreneurship and SMES. International Journal of Science and Research Archive, 13(1), 684-696.https://doi.org/10.30574/ijsra.2024.13.1.1728
- Stefanov, K., Stoyanov, S., & Nikolov, R. (1998). Design issues of a distance learning course on Business on the Internet. Journal of Computer Assisted Learning, 14(2), 83-90. https://doi.org/10.1046/j.1365-2729.1998.1420083.x
- Suastiari, N. K. S., & Mahyuni, L. P. (2022). Determinants of E-Commerce User Satisfaction: TheMediating Role of Purchase Intention. Jurnal Ekonomi Bisnis Dan Kewirausahaan, 11(3), 345. https://doi.org/10.26418/jebik.v11i3.56329
- Tan, H. (2025). Study on Chinese cross-border e-commerce payments from a “double cycle” standpoint. Journal of Computing and Electronic Information Management, 16(2), 46-50. https://doi.org/10.54097/cnz4mv78
- Voorhees, C. M., Fombelle, P. W., & Bone, S. A. (2020). Don’t Forget About the Frontline Employee During the COVID-19 Pandemic: Preliminary Insights and a Research Agenda on Market Shocks. Journal of Service Research, 23(4), 396-400. https://doi.org/10.1177/1094670520944606
- Wang, X., Salleh, K., & Siang, L. C. (2025). Research on intelligent strategies for enhancing user experience in China’s import cross-border E-commerce platforms. Edelweiss Applied Science and Technology, 9(6), 2148-2167. https://doi.org/10.55214/25768484.v9i6.8328
- Whitworth, B. (2005). Polite computing. Behaviour & Information Technology, 24(5), 353-363. https://doi.org/10.1080/01449290512331333700