A Multidimensional Assessment of Stem-Related Skills and Attitudes Among Students in Robotics-Based Learning Environments

Author's Information:

Darin Jan Tindowen

Commission on Higher Education – Region 2 Tuguegarao City, Philippines

Rosario Danga

Department of Science and Technology – Region 2, Tuguegarao City, Philippines

Vol 03 No 10 (2026):Volume 03 Issue 10 October

Page No.: 734-741

Abstract:

The integration of robotics in education has emerged as a promising approach for strengthening students’ STEM competencies by providing authentic opportunities for creativity, problem-solving, and technology application. This study assessed the level of students’ STEM-related skills and attitudes in robotics-based learning environments. Employing a quantitative descriptive research design, the study involved 150 students enrolled in Robotics subjects during School Year 2025–2026 from selected schools in Northern Philippines. Data were collected using an adapted questionnaire on STEM skills understanding, contextualized for robotics-based learning environments. The instrument measured three dimensions: general skills, problem-solving skills, and attitudes toward STEM and robotics-based learning. Descriptive statistics, particularly weighted mean and standard deviation, were utilized to determine the level of students’ competencies and perceptions. The findings revealed that students demonstrated very highly developed levels of STEM-related general skills, indicating strong abilities in creativity, innovation, experiential learning, idea generation, and practical application of concepts. Similarly, students exhibited very highly developed problem-solving skills, reflecting their capacity to analyze challenges, generate solutions, apply interdisciplinary knowledge, and collaborate effectively during robotics activities. Furthermore, students demonstrated very highly developed attitudes toward STEM and robotics-based learning, showing strong recognition of the relevance of STEM disciplines and the value of robotics for academic and future professional development. The study concludes that robotics-based learning environments serve as effective platforms for developing multidimensional STEM competencies by integrating cognitive, creative, collaborative, and affective learning outcomes. The findings highlight the importance of sustaining robotics integration in STEM education to prepare learners with the skills and dispositions necessary for future innovation and technological advancement.

KeyWords:

robotics-based learning, STEM education, STEM skills, problem-solving skills, STEM attitudes, educational robotics, technology-enhanced learning, Philippines.

References:

  1. Ahsan, N., Khurram, A. T. A., & Ramzan, N. (2023). Development and Validation of Research Instrument Conceptual Understanding of STEM Skills Questionnaire for Achievement of Sustainable Development Goals. Academy of Education and Social Sciences Review. https://doi.org/10.48112/aessr.v3i4.637
  2. Budiman, R. D. A., Surjono, H. D., W., M., Hidayat, E., & S. (2025). Gamification: Enhancing Constructivist Skills through Line-Following Robots. Int. J. Online Biomed. Eng., 21, 132-150. https://doi.org/10.3991/ijoe.v21i01.51727
  3. Chandak, P. (2025). Advancing Robotics-Enabled STEM Education in K-12: Frameworks for Comprehensive Learning Outcomes Assessment and Inclusivity. INTERANTIONAL JOURNAL OF SCIENTIFIC RESEARCH IN ENGINEERING AND MANAGEMENT. https://doi.org/10.55041/ijsrem11253
  4. Chang, Y., Choi, J., & Şen-Akbulut, M. (2024). Undergraduate Students’ Engagement in Project-Based Learning with an Authentic Context. Education Sciences. https://doi.org/10.3390/educsci14020168
  5. Ching, Y.-H., & Hsu, Y. (2023). Educational Robotics for Developing Computational Thinking in Young Learners: A Systematic Review. Techtrends, 1 - 12. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11528-023-00841-1
  6. Ching, Y.-H., & Hsu, Y. (2023). Educational Robotics for Developing Computational Thinking in Young Learners: A Systematic Review. Techtrends, 1 - 12. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11528-023-00841-1
  7. Coşkun, T. K., & Filiz, O. (2023). The impact of twenty-first century skills on university students’ robotic achievements. Education and Information Technologies, 28, 16255-16283. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10639-023-11850-1
  8. Coufal, P. (2022). Project-Based STEM Learning Using Educational Robotics as the Development of Student Problem-Solving Competence. Mathematics. https://doi.org/10.3390/math10234618
  9. Darmawansah, D., Hwang, G.-J., Chen, M.-R. A., & Liang, J. (2023). Trends and research foci of robotics-based STEM education: a systematic review from diverse angles based on the technology-based learning model. International Journal of STEM Education, 10, 1-24. https://doi.org/10.1186/s40594-023-00400-3
  10. Diola, A. (2026). Strengthening Math and Science Literacy in the Philippines: Confronting Classroom Challenges with Innovation and Resilience. Asian Research Journal of Education. https://doi.org/10.66206/9h4x5995
  11. Fan, O., & Xu, W. (2024). The effects of educational robotics in STEM education: a multilevel meta-analysis. International Journal of STEM Education, 11. https://doi.org/10.1186/s40594-024-00469-4
  12. Govender, R. G., & Govender, D. (2023). Using Robotics in the Learning of Computer Programming: Student Experiences Based on Experiential Learning Cycles. Education Sciences. https://doi.org/10.3390/educsci13030322
  13. Hwang, G.-J., Lee, H.-F., & Chang, C.-Y. (2026). Effects of Generative AI-Empowered Collaborative Robot Project-Based Learning on Students’ Learning Achievements and Higher Order Thinking Tendencies in Professional Training. Journal of Educational Computing Research. https://doi.org/10.1177/07356331261437504
  14. Kalaitzidou, M. A., & Pachidis, T. (2023). Recent Robots in STEAM Education. Education Sciences. https://doi.org/10.3390/educsci13030272
  15. Motta, V., & Galina, S. (2023). Experiential learning in entrepreneurship education: A systematic literature review. Teaching and Teacher Education. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tate.2022.103919
  16. Nurassyl, K., Nurym, N., Akramova, A., & Abdykarimova, S. (2023). Educational Robotics: Development of computational thinking in collaborative online learning. Education and Information Technologies, 1 - 23. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10639-023-11806-5
  17. Paderna, E. E. S., & Monterola, S. L. C. (2021). Advancing integrated STEM education in the Philippines through STEM curriculum implementation. STEM Education from Asia. https://doi.org/10.4324/9781003099888-7
  18. Säljö, R. (2022). Learning in a Sociocultural Perspective. 498-502. https://doi.org/10.1016/b978-0-08-044894-7.00471-1
  19. Sapounidis, T., Rapti, S., & Vaiopoulou, J. (2024). “Effects of Educational Robotics on Kindergarteners’ Collaboration, Communication, Critical Thinking, and Creativity: A Meta-Analysis”. Journal of Science Education and Technology, 34, 73 - 87. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10956-024-10149-1
  20. Tabinska, O. (2025). Interactive learning in the digital age: Advancing STEM skills in primary school education through robotics. Periodicals of Engineering and Natural Sciences (PEN). https://doi.org/10.21533/pen.v13.i3.450
  21. Usher, M., Reznik, N., Bronshtein, G., & Kohen-Vacs, D. (2025). Bridging Virtual and Physical: Exploring Students' Computational Thinking and Creativity in Robot-Guided vs. Simulation-Based Learning. J. Learn. Anal., 12, 35-49. https://doi.org/10.18608/jla.2025.8837
  22. Vera, J. L. D., Castulo, N. J., Sebial, S. C., Aliazas, J. V. C., Pelgone, A. J. O., Gonong, D. M. D. M., Pastor, C. J. M., & Ramos-Butron, B. (2025). Integrating AI in STEM education: exploring future STEM competencies of pre-service science teachers in the Philippines. Disciplinary and Interdisciplinary Science Education Research, 7. https://doi.org/10.1186/s43031-025-00143-x
  23. Zhang, Y., & Zhu, Y.-Z. (2022). Effects of educational robotics on the creativity and problem-solving skills of K-12 students: a meta-analysis. Educational Studies, 50, 1539 - 1557. https://doi.org/10.1080/03055698.2022.2107873
  24. Zviel-Girshin, R., & Rosenberg, N. (2025). Enhancing Early STEM Engagement: The Impact of Inquiry-Based Robotics Projects on First-Grade Students’ Problem-Solving Self-Efficacy and Collaborative Attitudes. Education Sciences. https://doi.org/10.3390/educsci15101404